{"id":15143,"date":"2020-12-22T18:21:07","date_gmt":"2020-12-22T17:21:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/?page_id=15143"},"modified":"2021-05-16T18:01:28","modified_gmt":"2021-05-16T16:01:28","slug":"musique-arabo-andalouse-suite","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/musique-arabo-andalouse\/musique-arabo-andalouse-suite\/","title":{"rendered":"Musique arabo andalouse (suite)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"15143\" class=\"elementor elementor-15143\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea78e7b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"ea78e7b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a045d5 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"3a045d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb12665 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb12665\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"musiquearaboandalousesuite\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La musique arabo andalouse (suite)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e8a98ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"e8a98ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9a61833 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"9a61833\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c04bb76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c04bb76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"fondouks\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Fondouks<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e916df6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"e916df6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e4cc66 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"1e4cc66\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d8a49b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d8a49b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>FOUNDOUK est le nom de la formation de Taoufik BESTANDJI qui a accompagn\u00e9 Enrico Macias \u00e0 Bourges. Le mot Foundouk signifie aujourd&rsquo;hui \u00ab\u00a0hotel\u00a0\u00bb en arabe litt\u00e9raire. Autrefois, cela \u00e9tait l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent du caravans\u00e9rail de l&rsquo;orient. Il \u00e9tait constitu\u00e9 d&rsquo;une grande cour entour\u00e9e de b\u00e2timents \u00e0 multi-usages. Il servait d&rsquo;h\u00f4tellerie pour les gens de passage et leurs montures. Il \u00e9tait aussi employ\u00e9 comme entrep\u00f4t de marchandises \u00e0 usage commercial ou artisanal s&rsquo;il se trouvait pr\u00e8s des souks. On y trouvait donc des petits ateliers\u00a0de bois et d&rsquo;\u00e9b\u00e9nisterie,\u00a0de cuivre, de cuir, et d&rsquo;autres artisanats.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-da29e35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"da29e35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d6fd44e rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"d6fd44e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3caf7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e3caf7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"510\" height=\"383\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15146\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01.jpg 510w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-350x263.jpg 350w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/orchestrefondouk01-450x338.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ccdf31 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"6ccdf31\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d85be36 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"d85be36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-821cac6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"821cac6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Constantine, le fondouk \u00e9tait le lieu privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 de rencontre entre m\u00e9lomanes, chouyoukhs (pluriel de Cheikh), musiciens et \u00e9l\u00e8ves de la musique arabo-andalouse. L&rsquo;admission des mineurs \u00e9tait strictement interdite compte tenu de l&rsquo;aspect immoral que rev\u00eataient ces lieux. En effet, on y rencontrait vendeurs et fumeurs de haschisch, prostitu\u00e9es et courtisanes de r\u00e9sidents etc&#8230; C&rsquo;est l\u00e0 que Raymond LEYRIS a \u00e9t\u00e9 forg\u00e9 dans la ma\u00eetrise de cette musique. Il y a appris les bases th\u00e9oriques et pratiques\u00a0et leurs ramifications.\u00a0<\/p><p>Selon Taoufik,\u00a0ces chouyoukhs\u00a0constantinois se sont distingu\u00e9s par leur perfection (faute d&rsquo;avoir retrouv\u00e9 les naoubas manquantes), ce qui les a amen\u00e9s, pour exp\u00e9rimenter d&rsquo;autres sonorit\u00e9s,\u00a0\u00e0 sortir de la norme\u00a0et s&rsquo;inscrire dans la marge.Ainsi, sensible \u00e0 la fa\u00e7on de jouer du petit Gaston, Raymond l&rsquo;a introduit avec sa guitare dans son orchestre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86d7416 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"86d7416\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f75b26 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"4f75b26\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99a5d8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"99a5d8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"510\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15147\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01.jpg 510w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-350x211.jpg 350w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-100x60.jpg 100w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-150x90.jpg 150w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-200x120.jpg 200w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/enricosylvainraymond01-450x271.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aa9d43f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"aa9d43f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1a3a30 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"e1a3a30\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc98d72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc98d72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Plus tard, il a introduit\u00a0un piano. Il a, sans le savoir, ouvert la voie \u00e0 ses successeurs dans cette perspective. Ainsi, dans l&rsquo;orchestre de Cheikh El hadj Mohamed Tahar Fergani et avec la mandoline de Cheikh Abdelkader TOUMI qui est devenue incontournable, on s&rsquo;enchante avec une guitare et\u00a0un mandoloncelle. Le piano, dans l&rsquo;\u00e9cole alg\u00e9roise, est aussi devenu l&rsquo;instrument de base pour l&rsquo;improvisation, l&rsquo;accompagnement et l&rsquo;harmonisation dont l&rsquo;un des grands ma\u00eetres\u00a0\u00e9tait Mustapha SKANDRANI.<\/p><p>Mais tous les chouyoukhs s&rsquo;accordent \u00e0 dire que le maalouf, pour \u00eatre dans son mysticisme et son authenticit\u00e9, doit \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 avec ses instruments traditionnels.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70a5e8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"70a5e8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ffef0a8 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"ffef0a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8803380 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8803380\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"27\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/ligne_musique001.gif\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14593\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51a1ca5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"51a1ca5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e5af8b rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"9e5af8b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87cde89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87cde89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"themes_malouf\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les principaux th\u00e8mes chant\u00e9s dans le Malouf<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-30748e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"30748e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-21fcc72 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"21fcc72\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f799d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f799d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Amour, po\u00e9sies et malouf,<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Dans le malouf, l&rsquo;amour fait partie des sujets de pr\u00e9dilection figurant dans la \u00ab\u00a0s&rsquo;fina\u00a0\u00bb* de la plupart des chouyoukhs. Le mot \u00ab\u00a0habibi\u00a0\u00bb qui veut dire ma bien aim\u00e9e, est ainsi rencontr\u00e9 dans tous les textes ou presque. Aussi, la langue arabe offre la possibilit\u00e9 de d\u00e9crire l&rsquo;\u00eatre cher en utilisant une multitude de termes et qualificatifs. Hormis quelques rares femmes qui se sont illustr\u00e9es dans le malouf, les grands noms sont bien s\u00fbr des hommes qui, quand il chantent l&rsquo;amour, parlent le plus souvent de la femme au masculin pour la comparer \u00e0 ce qu&rsquo;il y a de plus beau dans l&rsquo;univers et bien plus encore. Le texte qui suit en est un des meilleurs exemples. Il s&rsquo;agit de \u00ab\u00a0Djamalouhou\u00a0\u00bb, 5\u00e8me titre du premier CD de bourges, hommage d&rsquo;Enrico Macias \u00e0 Cheikh Raymond.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0dbf5db elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"0dbf5db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-06aed89 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"06aed89\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45203fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-rael_audio\" data-id=\"45203fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rael_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"widget-container rael-widget-audio\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode rael-player-dark\" id=\"audio-15143-1\" loop style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/djamalouhou-1.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/djamalouhou-1.mp3\">https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/djamalouhou-1.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-54293e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"54293e9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e16c69 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"2e16c69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54cb909 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54cb909\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Final &#8211; Khla\u00e7 Zidane : Djamalouhou<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b765fb7 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"b765fb7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e71a9f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e71a9f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Djamalouhou la youssafou<br \/>Ka innahou housnou youssoufou (Youssef=Yosseph=Joseph)*<br \/>Wa chamsou min&rsquo;hou tekssoufou<br \/>Wa el badrou yadh&rsquo;ha khadjila. Lal ya la lal&#8230;.<\/p><p>Sa beaut\u00e9 est indescriptible<br \/>On dirait que c&rsquo;est celle de Youssef<br \/>Le soleil s&rsquo;en \u00e9clipse<br \/>Et la lune en demeure timide<\/p><p>Bi babikoum nadh&rsquo;ha tarih<br \/>Hatta nara el wedjh el malih<br \/>Mouhefhafou el kad erradjih<br \/>Badr el boudour moukammila. Lal ya la lal&#8230;..<\/p><p>Devant sa porte, je reste \u00e9tendu immobile<br \/>Jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que je vois la beaut\u00e9 de son visage<br \/>Et sa grandeur rayonnante<br \/>Telle la lumi\u00e8re des astres<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dcb70f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"dcb70f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4deca1 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"b4deca1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fa9f62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fa9f62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>* \u00ab\u00a0S&rsquo;fina\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong> : en arabe, barque. Ici manuscrit des textes de chansons que l&rsquo;on consulte en cas de trous de m\u00e9moire. Raymond justement n&rsquo;en avait jamais us\u00e9. C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;une des qualit\u00e9s premi\u00e8re d&rsquo;un maitre, c&rsquo;est<br \/><strong>\u00ab\u00a0El hafdh\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong>: textes appris par c\u0153ur.<\/p><p>* Selon le coran ( sourate XII ) et la culture arabo-musulmane, Joseph fils de Jacob est le plus bel \u00eatre que la terre a port\u00e9 et ne portera plus jamais. (Voir aussi bible).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc582a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"dc582a9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-07dec8f rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"07dec8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e009ac elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"8e009ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-itunes-note\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-faf257b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"faf257b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-349b63f rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"349b63f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a030dad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a030dad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u00ab\u00a0Bit ou Siyah\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Parall\u00e8lement aux diff\u00e9rents modes et naoubas de la musique arabo-andalouse,\u00a0un style de chant original connu sous le nom de \u00ab\u00a0BIT OU SIYAH\u00a0\u00bb est\u00a0venu s&rsquo;imposer comme \u00e9tant la meilleure fa\u00e7on d&rsquo;atteindre le \u00ab\u00a0Tarab\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0, et en m\u00eame temps, comme un\u00a0enrichissement de\u00a0cette musique dite savante. Cet exercice\u00a0consiste \u00e0 interpr\u00e9ter un texte dans un mode d\u00e9termin\u00e9 en alternant\u00a0un\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Istikhbar\u00a0\u00bb ( Improvisation instrumentale et vocale ) et quelques \u00ab\u00a0Adouar\u00a0\u00bb ( couplets chant\u00e9s ).<br \/>Entendez litt\u00e9ralement par \u00ab\u00a0Bit ou siyah\u00a0\u00bb, couplet et cri.<\/p><p>Parmi les grandes \u00ab\u00a0Qa\u00e7idas\u00a0\u00bb (texte ou po\u00e8me) qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 chant\u00e9es dans ce style, on peut citer : \u00ab\u00a0Men frag gh&rsquo;zali\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0El boughi\u00a0\u00bb ou encore \u00ab\u00a0Dhalma\u00a0\u00bb dont nous vous proposons un extrait, ce choix n&rsquo;\u00e9tant pas d\u00fb au hasard. En effet, dans cet extrait, on peut y \u00e9couter du chant puis des improvisations et encore du chant. Il est tout \u00e0 fait normal que l&rsquo;on s&rsquo;y attarde un peu pour signaler que c&rsquo;est bien-s\u00fbr le petit Gaston qui joue \u00e0 la guitare d\u00e9clenchant\u00a0d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, des \u00ab\u00a0ol\u00e9, ol\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0et qu&rsquo;\u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9, on peut\u00a0entendre Cheikh Raymond, s\u00fbrement \u00e9merveill\u00e9 par son jeu,\u00a0lui dire \u00ab\u00a0Zid\u00a0\u00bb qui, en Arabe, veut dire \u00ab\u00a0encore !\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0<br \/>Mais si l&rsquo;on d\u00e9pouille un peu le r\u00e9pertoire d&rsquo;Enrico, on s&rsquo;aper\u00e7oit que \u00ab\u00a0Oh guitare, guitare\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0S&rsquo;il fallait tout donner\u00a0\u00bb ou encore \u00ab\u00a0Est-il un ennemi\u00a0\u00bb sont d\u00e9clin\u00e9es dans ce style de Bit ou siyah.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f88d98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"4f88d98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2ebde9 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"d2ebde9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ac9d12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-rael_audio\" data-id=\"0ac9d12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rael_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"widget-container rael-widget-audio\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode rael-player-dark\" id=\"audio-15143-2\" loop style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/bitousiyah.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/bitousiyah.mp3\">https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/bitousiyah.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-aa5880e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"aa5880e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0f9002 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"b0f9002\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bda4a14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bda4a14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Bit ou Siyah<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bdc5656 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"bdc5656\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67760ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67760ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sahretni beldjebine ouel hadjeb ouel ain<br \/>Ou fazet bihoum aala dj&rsquo;miaa enessouani<br \/>Wa lakin ya s&rsquo;dik nahleflek bimin<br \/>Aini ma ratech m&rsquo;thilha fi z&rsquo;mani<br \/>Ta&rsquo;dhoui ka echem&rsquo;s ouel\u00a0k&rsquo;mar nedjm el fedjrin<br \/>Zain&rsquo;ha ma sal bih hatta inssani<br \/>Wana ya Rabbi houb el aadra* b&rsquo;lani.<\/p><p>Son front, son sourcil et son oeil m&rsquo;ont ensorcel\u00e9<br \/>Aucune femme ne peut \u00eatre aussi belle<br \/>\u00d4 l&rsquo;ami ! je peux te jurer<br \/>Que mes yeux n&rsquo;ont jamais vu une aussi belle femme<br \/>Elle brille tel le soleil et la lune, astres de l&rsquo;aube<br \/>Aucun \u00eatre humain ne peut \u00eatre aussi beau<br \/>Et moi mon Dieu,\u00a0mon amour pour elle m&rsquo;a \u00e9bloui.\u00a0<\/p><p>Aadra : vierge<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-242f896 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"242f896\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-034996c rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"034996c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5869fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f5869fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"27\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/ligne_musique001.gif\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14593\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad6a839 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"ad6a839\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8321179 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"8321179\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f46953 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"9f46953\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03af3a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03af3a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"specificite_constantinoise\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 constantinoise<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef3038e rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"ef3038e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50eb957 elementor-widget elementor-widget-rael_audio\" data-id=\"50eb957\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rael_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"widget-container rael-widget-audio\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode rael-player-dark\" id=\"audio-15143-3\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/aachikinpianoweb-1.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/aachikinpianoweb-1.mp3\">https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/aachikinpianoweb-1.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2abcc3e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"2abcc3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-55b214a rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"55b214a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c97d9b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c97d9b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u00ab\u00a0Ya Aachikin\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-797c5e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"797c5e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44ad4fc rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"44ad4fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2a735f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c2a735f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u00e9vier&nbsp;de la norme pour s&rsquo;inscrire dans la marge est&nbsp;une transgression&nbsp;que l&rsquo;on peut reprocher aux ma\u00eetres constantinois. En effet, si on prend la peine de se pencher avec un peu d&rsquo;attention sur le travail des trois \u00e9coles alg\u00e9riennes (Gharnati de Tlemcen, Sanaa d&rsquo;Alger et le Malouf de Constantine) et de leurs maitres respectifs, on s&rsquo;aper\u00e7oit que seuls les constantinois ont cherch\u00e9 \u00e0&nbsp;apporter de nouvelles sonorit\u00e9s et \u00e0 introduire de nouveaux instruments au sein de leurs orchestres. Il s&rsquo;agit en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une qu\u00eate de perfection et d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration du r\u00e9pertoire mais, aux dires des connaisseurs, et c&rsquo;est tout aussi vrai, une forme d&rsquo;infid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \u00e0 la tradition.<\/p>\n<p>En partant de l&rsquo;ouest alg\u00e9rien, on remarque que l&rsquo;\u00e9cole tlemcenienne a toujours respect\u00e9 cet h\u00e9ritage musical en s&rsquo;interdisant toute tentation d&rsquo;introduction de nouvelles sonorit\u00e9s. Aujourd&rsquo;hui, \u00e0 Tlemcen, on continue de le transmettre avec ses seuls instruments de base.<\/p>\n<p>A Alger, seul le piano de Mustapha Skandrani a \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9 par l&rsquo;\u00e9cole. Il faut signaler que, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 lui, on obtient de tr\u00e8s belles improvisations et surtout un parfait accompagnement des m\u00e9lodies. De nos jours, et apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9c\u00e8s de ce grand ma\u00eetre, son piano est remplac\u00e9 par un synth\u00e9tiseur qui le restitue parfaitement. Mais c&rsquo;est aussi une question de commodit\u00e9 car il est plus facilement transportable que l&rsquo;imposant instrument, notamment pour les mariages et circoncisions.<\/p>\n<p>A Constantine, apr\u00e8s la parfaite int\u00e9gration de la guitare de Gaston Ghrenassia dans l&rsquo;orchestre de Raymond, c&rsquo;est au tour d&rsquo;un piano, d\u00e8s 1958, d&rsquo;int\u00e9grer la formation pour d\u00e9cliner, entre autres merveilles, une tr\u00e8s belle version de \u00ab\u00a0Ya Aachikin\u00a0\u00bb.<br \/>Dans les ann\u00e9es 1970, c&rsquo;est Hamdi Benani qui introduit un quartet complet (batterie, guitare basse, guitare \u00e9lectrique et orgue) dans ses prestations, suivi de Fergani qui, apr\u00e8s avoir essay\u00e9 et vite abandonn\u00e9 ces int\u00e9grations, s&rsquo;est content\u00e9 de garder pour quelques temps un orgue lui permettant d&rsquo;agr\u00e9menter ses improvisations instrumentales.<\/p>\n<p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, de nouveaux ma\u00eetres constantinois connus ou inconnus&nbsp;perp\u00e9tuent la tradition dans sa forme la plus simple et la plus fid\u00e8le. Parmi eux, le rossignol du rocher, Ahmed Aouabdia qui a accompagn\u00e9 Enrico au oud lors du concert de Bourges; Djamel Bensammar et son ensemble \u00ab\u00a0Andaloussia\u00a0\u00bb; Radouane Belaala plus connu sous le sobriquet de \u00ab\u00a0Babiche\u00a0\u00bb et qui anime des f\u00eates de Malouf un peu partout&nbsp;dans Paris depuis 2003.<br \/>A la suite de Salim Fergani qui a perfectionn\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0El zedjel\u00a0\u00bb et son fr\u00e8re Mourad, on ne peut que se r\u00e9jouir de la longue liste des nouveaux artistes qui continuent \u00e0 aimer et immortaliser cet h\u00e9ritage. Parmi eux, on peut citer Mohamed Belil de Annaba, Kamel Bouda de Constantine ou Reda Oubad et El Oukki de Guelma&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<br \/>On ne peut se permettre d&rsquo;oublier les fr\u00e8res Nakache, et surtout le jeune Laurent Nakache, qui restitue fid\u00e8lement la fa\u00e7on de faire de Raymond, entre autres amoureux de cet art.<\/p>\n<p>Mis \u00e0 part l&rsquo;hommage qu&rsquo;il a rendu \u00e0 Raymond dans le strict respect de la tradition et comme tous les anciens constantinois, Enrico Macias continue de chanter du malouf en y introduisant des instruments modernes<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5bf24f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"5bf24f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38693ff rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"38693ff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b34bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"98b34bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"27\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/ligne_musique001.gif\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14593\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2971377 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"2971377\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e9dd644 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"e9dd644\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2d4d04 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"e2d4d04\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bac890 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bac890\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"malouf_feminin\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le Malouf au f\u00e9minin<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa0c518 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"aa0c518\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddda59f elementor-widget elementor-widget-rael_audio\" data-id=\"ddda59f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"rael_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"widget-container rael-widget-audio\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode rael-player-dark\" id=\"audio-15143-4\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/thourayawaineenbatouweb.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/thourayawaineenbatouweb.mp3\">https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/thourayawaineenbatouweb.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/section>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9b3cfdd elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"9b3cfdd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ba15a1 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"4ba15a1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-deea101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"deea101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Thouraya &#8211; Waine enbatou<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-78f9afa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"78f9afa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eddbea rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"4eddbea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e57c89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e57c89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Si l&rsquo;on croit que la part de la femme dans la musique arabo-andalouse se limite aux fqirate* et aux benoutate*, c&rsquo;est que l&rsquo;on a une id\u00e9e tr\u00e8s r\u00e9duite sur les denses chapitres inscrits\u00a0par la pratique musicale f\u00e9minine \u00e0 travers les si\u00e8cles.<br \/>Ce vaste sujet n\u00e9cessite de longues pages pour en cerner fid\u00e8lement\u00a0l&rsquo;histoire. Comme nous n&rsquo;avons pas la pr\u00e9tention d&rsquo;en tracer toutes les lignes, nous allons nous limiter \u00e0 \u00e9voquer les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres d&rsquo;entre ces femmes qui ont pu s&rsquo;imposer dans un monde quasi masculin, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 aux 18e et 19e si\u00e8cles, par la fr\u00e9quentation des foundouks et autres lieux r\u00e9serv\u00e9s\u00a0aux chouyoukhs.<\/p><p>D&rsquo;abord, il est important de signaler que les femmes ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le essentiel en terre andalouse\u00a0d&rsquo;avant la reconquista. A S\u00e9ville, les vieilles femmes enseignaient leurs chants \u00e0 leurs esclaves avant de les vendre aux rois du Maroc et de Tunisie. Selon \u00ab\u00a0Tifachi Sfaqsi\u00a0\u00bb, ces esclaves ont su enchanter les cours royales par leur ma\u00eetrise du chant et de l&rsquo;instrument, au point que l&rsquo;une d&rsquo;entre elles connue sous le nom de \u00ab\u00a0Ghariba\u00a0\u00bb (l&rsquo;\u00e9trang\u00e8re) et qui \u00e9tait au service du prince musicien \u00ab\u00a0El Hocein\u00a0\u00bb, a su cr\u00e9er un nouveau mode (tab&rsquo;a) qui, aujourd&rsquo;hui encore, est jou\u00e9 par les rares initi\u00e9s. Ce mode s&rsquo;appelle \u00ab\u00a0ghribet l&rsquo;hcein\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p><p>A Constantine et Annaba, les fqirate animent aujourd&rsquo;hui\u00a0la quasi totalit\u00e9 des\u00a0f\u00eates familiales (circoncisions et mariages). Si\u00a0la plupart d&rsquo;entre elles\u00a0ne se font accompagner que par des percussions et si\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0el ala\u00a0\u00bb (l&rsquo;instrument) ne fait pas partie de leurs formations, leurs activit\u00e9s et leur pr\u00e9sence marquent leur participation dans la formation du lien social et dans\u00a0la pr\u00e9servation de cet h\u00e9ritage.<br \/>A l&rsquo;instar de \u00ab\u00a0Ramka\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Zhaira\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Khadoudja Bent El Aissani\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0Bornia\u00a0\u00bb et bien d&rsquo;autres, Z&rsquo;hor Fergani sera\u00a0la plus chanceuse h\u00e9riti\u00e8re de cette tradition.<br \/>\u00ab\u00a0Chalabia\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0Ouraida El Annabia\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0auront marqu\u00e9 des\u00a0g\u00e9n\u00e9rations enti\u00e8res en\u00a0animant les f\u00eates familiales b\u00f4noises sur les hauteurs de \u00ab\u00a0Ras El\u00a0Hamra\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0Ain Achir\u00a0\u00bb. Et bien que cette activit\u00e9 soit exclusivement f\u00e9minine, les ann\u00e9es 1980\/1990 ont vu \u00e9merger\u00a0les figures embl\u00e9matiques de \u00ab\u00a0Nacer\u00a0\u00bb et sa soeur \u00ab\u00a0Z&rsquo;hor\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0qui continuent d&rsquo;animer les \u00ab\u00a0T&rsquo;hour\u00a0\u00bb (circoncisions)\u00a0et les joies de Lala Bouna.<\/p><p>Les femmes qui ont \u0153uvr\u00e9 sur le socle initial du Malouf\u00a0sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences artistiques de ce style.\u00a0Parmi celles-ci,\u00a03 noms se distinguent par\u00a0une maturit\u00e9 artistique reconnue :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4de9de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"c4de9de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51c9e9d rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"51c9e9d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62dccef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62dccef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Z&rsquo;hor FERGANI<\/strong><\/span> : (1914-1982)<br \/><br \/>Fille de Hammou, elle s&rsquo;initie dans le cadre familial par l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pr\u00e9coce qu&rsquo;elle accorde au travail artistique de son p\u00e8re dont elle demeure profond\u00e9ment impr\u00e9gn\u00e9e et est aussi introduite dans l&rsquo;univers des benoutate par sa m\u00e8re et sa tante, proches de \u00ab\u00a0Khadoudja Bent El Aissani\u00a0\u00bb.<br \/>Elle se produit d&rsquo;abord dans l&rsquo;espace familial et fait par la suite jonction avec \u00ab\u00a0Bent El Aissani\u00a0\u00bb qui l&rsquo;adoube comme h\u00e9riti\u00e8re de la tradition. Elle entame sa carri\u00e8re de benouta au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es quarante et s&rsquo;ouvre aussi au r\u00e9pertoire du sacr\u00e9 des fqirate qu&rsquo;elle introduit dans ses prestations.<br \/>Symbole, des ann\u00e9es durant, de la tradition citadine des benoutate, elle s&rsquo;adapte aux normes du spectacle et donne alors des concerts publics, enregistre pour la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision alg\u00e9rienne et pour des maisons d&rsquo;\u00e9dition.<br \/>Elle impose la voix des femmes dans les musiques constantinoises et sa trajectoire marque le z\u00e9nith des benoutate constantinoises*.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-48a839b rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"48a839b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb5af52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bb5af52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/zhorfergani.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15273\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zhorfergani.jpg 250w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zhorfergani-100x96.jpg 100w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zhorfergani-150x143.jpg 150w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/zhorfergani-200x191.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d6060b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"d6060b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2317d17 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"2317d17\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f57e7ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f57e7ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15274\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya.jpg 330w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya-100x64.jpg 100w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya-150x95.jpg 150w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/enricothouraya-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b09b54 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"1b09b54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-819bde9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"819bde9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>BELBAYAD Thouraya<\/strong><\/span> :<br \/><br \/>N\u00e9e en 1935 \u00e0 Constantine, Thouraya d\u00e9couvre la musique et la danse en \u00e9coutant la radio et prend attache, \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de 14 ans, avec Mohamed Derdour et l&rsquo;association \u00ab\u00a0Toulou&rsquo; el fejr\u00a0\u00bb. Elle s&rsquo;engage dans la carri\u00e8re de chanteuse et s&rsquo;oriente vers les musiques modernes orientales. Connue sous le nom de Bent El Bayad dans les milieux constantinois, Thouraya construit \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es cinquante une v\u00e9ritable carri\u00e8re au sens professionnel du mot. Elle a su imposer une personnalit\u00e9 attachante et toujours enracin\u00e9e dans la m\u00e9moire constantinoise*.<br \/>En 2000, elle d\u00e9clare: \u00ab\u00a0Enrico ne m&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas \u00e9tranger car il \u00e9tait de rahbet essouf (le vieux quartier) et nous \u00e9tions \u00e0 Constantine. Je connais sa famille ainsi que Raymond et son p\u00e8re Sylvain depuis longtemps. J&rsquo;ai connu Enrico depuis ses d\u00e9buts. C&rsquo;est\u00a0au regrett\u00e9 Ahmed Hachelaf que revient le m\u00e9rite de notre rencontre en France\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1803d49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"1803d49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b90138 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"6b90138\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2504b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2504b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>ALLOUCHE-TAMMAR Simone<\/strong><\/span> : (1935-1982)<br \/><br \/>Elle s&rsquo;initie d\u00e8s son jeune \u00e2ge en suivant la formation de Raymond Leyris dans les mariages ou sur sc\u00e8ne.<br \/>Simone se r\u00e9v\u00e8le d&rsquo;abord dans les espaces domestique et familial \u00e0 Constantine au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es cinquante, puis au public en ao\u00fbt 1976 en accompagnant Sylvain Ghrenassia \u00e0 l&rsquo;occasion de la c\u00e9l\u00e9bration d&rsquo;un mariage. <br \/>Elle renoue avec Constantine o\u00f9 elle conserve des attaches familiales. Elle entre en relation, \u00e0 l&rsquo;occasion d&rsquo;un passage cette ville, avec la formation de Kaddour Darsouni qui l&rsquo;accompagnera \u00e0 Paris pour l&rsquo;enregistrement de deux 33 T en 1981.<br \/>Les m\u00e9lomanes privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s qui auront alors la primeur des enregistrements d\u00e9couvrent, souvent avec \u00e9motion, Simone, sa voix chaude et puissante \u00e0 la fois, et puis l&rsquo;incroyable influence de Raymond Leyris, de son phras\u00e9 si particulier. Constantine d\u00e9couvre celle qui fut, pour nombre de musiciens, la petite Allouche, qui donnait de la voix quand \u00ab\u00a0El ala\u00a0\u00bb faisait une pause et qui ne se cachait pas de suivre, chaque fois que cela \u00e9tait possible,\u00a0Raymond dans ses sorties. En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, Simone n&rsquo;avait jamais perdu tout \u00e0 fait le contact avec la ville, en particulier en raison des liens familiaux de sa s\u0153ur Marcelle.<br \/>La vie artistique de Simone fut, somme toute, tr\u00e8s courte, avec seulement deux disques \u00e0 son actif mais cela aura suffi pour lui accorder une place \u00e0 part dans l&rsquo;histoire musicale constantinoise*.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-264adf5 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"264adf5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65bd854 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"65bd854\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15275\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone.jpg 330w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone-100x69.jpg 100w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone-150x104.jpg 150w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone-200x139.jpg 200w, https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tamarsimone-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ee2435 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"1ee2435\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72a85c3 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"72a85c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8335f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8335f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>*Fqirate<\/strong><\/span> :\u00a0 Ensemble musical f\u00e9minin, exclusivement vocal, rattach\u00e9 aux pratiques rituelles apparent\u00e9es aux confr\u00e9ries. Les fqirates s&rsquo;appuient, au plan instrumental sur la percussion (bendir et tar) et se produisent, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement intra-muros, pour des publics exclusivement f\u00e9minins.<\/p><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>*Benoutate<\/strong><\/span> :\u00a0 \u00a0Pluriel de benouta, diminutif de bent (fille).<br \/>Formation musicale f\u00e9minine utilisant des instruments \u00e0 cordes et \u00e0 percussion et s&rsquo;appuyant sur un r\u00e9pertoire profane. Se produisent dans l&rsquo;espace domestique ou sur sc\u00e8ne \u00e0 l&rsquo;intention de publics exclusivement f\u00e9minins.<\/p><p><em>* Extraits du dictionnaire des musiques citadines de Constantine (Abdelmadjid MERDACI).<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c524cd4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"c524cd4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0cdff0d rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"0cdff0d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c1dbb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c1dbb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"27\" src=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2020\/12\/ligne_musique001.gif\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14593\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-219ee73 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"219ee73\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-450cf8c rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"450cf8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b12c61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b12c61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"mechmoun_el_fell\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mechmoun El Fell\n(Bouquet de jasmin)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-08b4de9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"08b4de9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52aa782 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"52aa782\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82d167b elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"82d167b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/LfDuoWPOakM&quot;,&quot;show_image_overlay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;image_overlay&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/mechmoun.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:15297,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/mechmoun.jpg);\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-play\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Lire la vid\u00e9o\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-play\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ba11462 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"ba11462\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c76f483 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"c76f483\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e54ffe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e54ffe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Si Zeryeb fait une longue escale \u00e0 Kairouan vers 830 avant de s&rsquo;\u00e9tablir \u00e0 Cordoue, c&rsquo;est que cette ville religieuse de Tunisie est la deuxi\u00e8me capitale de la musique arabe apr\u00e8s Bagdad. Elle cultive et d\u00e9veloppe cet art depuis d\u00e9j\u00e0 environ un si\u00e8cle.<\/p><p>Cinq si\u00e8cles plus tard, les rois catholiques obligent une dizaine de milliers de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s \u00e0 s&rsquo;installer \u00e0 Tunis. A l\u2019instar de tous les juifs et arabes chass\u00e9s d&rsquo;Espagne et qui s&rsquo;\u00e9tablissent sur cette c\u00f4te m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne, ils apportent avec eux leur patrimoine musical qui, comme \u00e0 F\u00e8s, Tlemcen, Alger et Constantine, subira les influences locales teint\u00e9es de culture ottomane. C&rsquo;est la naissance du Malouf en Tunisie.<\/p><p>C&rsquo;est au XVIII si\u00e8cle que le Malouf tunisien connaitra son plein essor sous le r\u00e8gne de Rachid Bey. Violoniste et oudiste confirm\u00e9, ce souverain m\u00e9lomane remaniera et fixera le r\u00e9pertoire des noubas tunisiennes.<br \/>Dans son palais du \u00ab\u00a0Bardo\u00a0\u00bb, il fonde une \u00e9cole de musique qui sera longtemps conserv\u00e9e sous le r\u00e8gne de ses successeurs.<\/p><p>Cette tradition musicale se perp\u00e9tue \u00e0 travers le temps jusqu&rsquo;en 1934, ann\u00e9e de la cr\u00e9ation de la \u00ab\u00a0Rachidia\u00a0\u00bb, association culturelle et artistique dont le nom est emprunt\u00e9 \u00e0 Rachid Bey.<br \/>Des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations enti\u00e8res d&rsquo;artistes rejoindront \u00ab\u00a0la Rachidia\u00a0\u00bb alimentant ainsi son r\u00e9pertoire. Parmi ces grands noms, on peut citer Saliha et sa fille Choubeila Rached, Chafia Rochdi&#8230;.<\/p><p>Les ann\u00e9es 1960\/1970 verront \u00e9merger une grande vague de chanteurs populaires qui porteront les voix de la Tunisie \u00e0 travers le monde. Ali Riyahi, Naama, Oulaya, Ahmed Hamza, H\u00e9di Jouini, El Jamoussi, Youcef T&rsquo;mimi et bien d&rsquo;autres laisseront leurs noms en lettres d&rsquo;or au sein du riche et vaste r\u00e9pertoire tunisien.<\/p><p>Mais \u00e0 parler de Malouf proprement dit, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 Khemais Tarnane que revient l&rsquo;honneur de perp\u00e9tuer et vulgariser cette musique. Outre les responsabilit\u00e9s qu&rsquo;il assure au sein de \u00ab\u00a0la Rachidia\u00a0\u00bb, on lui doit la formation d&rsquo;un grand nombre d&rsquo;artistes venus souvent d&rsquo;Alg\u00e9rie, mais aussi d&rsquo;ailleurs, comme Thouraya qui, apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 berc\u00e9e par le Malouf de Constantine o\u00f9 elle est n\u00e9e, et c\u00f4toy\u00e9 les Ghrenassia, vient b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier des enseignements de ce grand ma\u00eetre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-61b443c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"61b443c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de9bc96 rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"de9bc96\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23f46d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"23f46d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/bOlD5I_y81Y&quot;,&quot;show_image_overlay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;image_overlay&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\\\/WordPress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/Thouraya.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:15298,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/2021\/01\/Thouraya.jpg);\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-play\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Lire la vid\u00e9o\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-play\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b2f3ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"2b2f3ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cd9e7b rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"6cd9e7b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-132df7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"132df7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Thouraya, Enrico Macias, Taoufik Bestandji et son ensemble Fondouks<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-380a245 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"380a245\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;rae_animations_entrance&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-878549b rael-particle-no\" data-id=\"878549b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5dd28d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5dd28d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tahar Gharsa est le plus grand ma\u00eetre du Malouf tunisien. En effet, n\u00e9 d\u2019un p\u00e8re m\u00e9lomane, cet artiste se trouve sensibilis\u00e9 d\u00e8s son enfance au Malouf, Charqui et autres Muwachahats. Il nait dans un quartier de la vieille m\u00e9dina de Tunis o\u00f9 habite \u00e9galement le Grand Khemais Tarnane qui l&rsquo;adopte vite et lui apprend les r\u00e8gles de l&rsquo;art. Il jouera un r\u00f4le tr\u00e8s important dans l&rsquo;enrichissement du patrimoine tunisien et tout particuli\u00e8rement du Malouf.<br \/>Comme tous les chouyoukhs avides d&rsquo;\u00e9largir leurs r\u00e9pertoires, et riche de ses influences tunisiennes typiques, il part \u00e0 la recherche des noubas disparues tout en continuant de perfectionner celles d\u00e9j\u00e0 existantes, ce qui l&rsquo;am\u00e8ne tr\u00e8s logiquement \u00e0 Constantine o\u00f9 il rencontre la famille Fergani. Ensemble, ils \u0153uvrent main dans la main pour d\u00e9velopper et populariser cette musique.<\/p><p>A sa mort en 2003, et comme le veut la tradition, c&rsquo;est son fils Zied qui reprend le flambeau. Il faut dire que cet illustre \u00ab\u00a0multi-instrumentiste\u00a0\u00bb est dou\u00e9 d&rsquo;une voix de t\u00e9nor et dispose de dons naturels qui le placent aujourd&rsquo;hui parmi les grands ma\u00eetres de cet h\u00e9ritage de l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9. En 2006, il devient chef d&rsquo;orchestre de la prestigieuse \u00a0\u00bb Rachidia\u00a0\u00bb et voyage \u00e0 travers le monde entier pour faire connaitre son art. <br \/>Comme son p\u00e8re, il travaille en \u00e9troite collaboration avec les Fergani et ils s&rsquo;invitent mutuellement pour des repr\u00e9sentations communes comme lors du festival national du Malouf ou du festival international de Carthage o\u00f9, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de toute la Tunisie, on s&rsquo;installe sous les senteurs du jasmin (l&rsquo;un des symboles du pays) pour se laisser bercer par la magie de cette musique.<\/p><p>Beaucoup d&rsquo;autres noms s&rsquo;inscrivent dans la tradition musicale tunisienne et continuent leurs recherches pour perp\u00e9tuer et faire connaitre le patrimoine de ce pays des mille et un parfums. Parmi eux, Lotfi Bouchenak est l&rsquo;un des plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres.<\/p><p>Comme le dit si bien Enrico: \u00a0\u00bb De toute fa\u00e7on, la musique arabo-andalouse sera toujours perp\u00e9tu\u00e9e !!\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La musique arabo andalouse (suite) Les Fondouks FOUNDOUK est le nom de la formation de Taoufik BESTANDJI qui a accompagn\u00e9 Enrico Macias \u00e0 Bourges. Le mot Foundouk signifie aujourd&rsquo;hui \u00ab\u00a0hotel\u00a0\u00bb en arabe litt\u00e9raire. Autrefois, cela \u00e9tait l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent du caravans\u00e9rail de &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/musique-arabo-andalouse\/musique-arabo-andalouse-suite\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Musique arabo andalouse (suite)<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":15146,"parent":14535,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15143","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Musique arabo andalouse (suite) - ENRICO MACIAS L&#039;Oriental<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/musique-arabo-andalouse\/musique-arabo-andalouse-suite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Musique arabo andalouse (suite) - ENRICO MACIAS L&#039;Oriental\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La musique arabo andalouse (suite) Les Fondouks FOUNDOUK est le nom de la formation de Taoufik BESTANDJI qui a accompagn\u00e9 Enrico Macias \u00e0 Bourges. 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Le mot Foundouk signifie aujourd&rsquo;hui \u00ab\u00a0hotel\u00a0\u00bb en arabe litt\u00e9raire. Autrefois, cela \u00e9tait l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent du caravans\u00e9rail de &hellip;<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/musique-arabo-andalouse\/musique-arabo-andalouse-suite\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Musique arabo andalouse (suite)<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15143"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15143\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/enricomaciasloriental.fr\/WordPress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}